We should allow AI to fill in the gaps. If BIP110 as a temporary soft fork has transactions that are not on the main chain is that a split? AI Overview BIP-110, as a temporary soft fork, does not cause a permanent network split, even if some transactions are deemed invalid by upgraded nodes and, therefore, not included in their version of the main chain. Soft forks are backward-compatible, meaning upgraded nodes still accept blocks from non-upgraded nodes, maintaining a single, unified chain.