"With regard to the policy of emigration, for a democratic ruler it makes little – if any – difference whether productive or unproductive individuals, geniuses or vagabonds leave the country. They all have equal voting power. In fact, democratic rulers may well be more concerned with the loss of a bum than with that of a productive genius. While the loss of this obviously diminishes the capital value of the country and the loss of that actually increases it, the democratic ruler does not own the property of the country. In the short run – which is what matters to the democratic ruler-the Tramp, who is more likely to vote for egalitarian measures, may be more valuable than the productive genius, who, being the chief victim of egalitarianism, is more likely to vote against the egalitarian plans of the democratic ruler. For the same reason, in sharp contrast to a king, the democratic ruler will not strive to actively expel people whose presence within the country constitutes a negative externality (i.e., who constitute human waste that diminishes the value of individual property). In fact, such negative externalities – the unproductive parasites, the vagrants, and the criminals-are probably the democratic ruler's most reliable sustenance."